Beauty and the Bump

Even though the anticipation that comes with expecting a new baby is exciting, the changes that occur with your body, skin and hair can put a slight damper on your joy. All sorts of hair changes can happen during pregnancy, depending on the individual, says Dr. Annie Chiu, a cosmetic dermatologist in Redondo Beach, Calif. "Hair can get more oily or dry, depending on genetics and beauty habits," says Chiu. "However, it can be more common, especially in the second trimester, for hair to feel more dry and brittle as a result of hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy." Combat the dryness with specialized beauty treatments designed to keep you feeling beautiful during this special time.

Common Causes

Besides the influx of hormonal activity during pregnancy, your styling habits may be contributing to dryness. Heat styling with hot hair dryers, curling irons and straightening irons dry out hair more during pregnancy, says Chiu. "Any chemical processing, including hair dyes, perming or chemical relaxing of hair, will roughen and dry out the cuticle of the hair," she says. Frequent hair washing, especially with harsher shampoos, can also exacerbate dry hair.

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Changing Your Washing Routine

To bring back the moisture to your luscious locks, Chiu recommends changing your washing routine. "Try washing hair every other day instead of every day with sulfate-free shampoos," she recommends. "If you want to wash daily, just shampoo every other day and use conditioner every day." Look for shampoos and conditioners with vitamin E, as it is an antioxidant ingredient that helps moisturize without a lot of weight. For an added boost of moisture, Chiu recommends mixing one-quarter cup of olive oil with mashed avocados for a home remedy. Apply to dry hair and leave in for one hour before rinsing out with warm water.

Conditioning With a Kick

Rigorous conditioning is the key to bringing back the moisture in dry hair during pregnancy and to combat the damage of UV rays. Boost your hair's texture by applying a leave-in conditioner with titanium dioxide. Products with panthenol or provitamin B5 also combat dryness during pregnancy, says Chiu. "This ingredient acts as an emollient and humectant to attract moisture," she says. Products with dimethicone can also smooth the cuticles of dry hair and leave it feeling silkier and more manageable.

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Healthy Lifestyle Habits

An apple a day may just keep the dryness away while you're carrying that little one. Some of the most common factors that contribute to dry hair during pregnancy are poor nutrition and diets high in sodium, says Toni Garcia-Jackson, professional hairstylist and owner of Alexander Myles Salon & Spa in Wilmington, Del. "Women can minimize dry hair during pregnancy by eating a well-balanced diet and drinking plenty of water," she says. Taking prescribed prenatal vitamins will also strengthen those lovely locks.

Mane Maintenance

A day at the spa or salon will not only keep you feeling pampered but also combat the dryness your hair is experiencing during pregnancy. "The hormonal change that women experience as a result of becoming pregnant can cause the skin and scalp skin to become drier," says Garcia-Jackson. “Our scalp produces sebum and lipids that nourish and moisturize our hair," she explains, but it can't do that job when pregnancy hormones mess with the scalp skin's moisture balance. Garcia-Jackson recommends keeping hair ends trimmed to promote growth and rid the hair of highly porous, moisture-depleting ends.

A common concern for moms-to-be is how to maintain a lustrous hair color through nine months of pregnancy without exposing the unborn child to potential toxins found in conventional hair dyes. "The environment that the mother provides for her child while pregnant is critical," advises Ruthie Harper, M.D., founder of Nutritional Medicine Associates in Austin, Texas, and creator of the Skinshift line of skin-care products. "As the body's largest organ, the skin acts as a source of significant exposure, and there is never a time when a child will be more sensitive to potential toxins than in utero." Hair dyes that contain certified, organically grown ingredients and significantly fewer synthetic substances or chemicals are a safer option during pregnancy. "A simple first step any future mom can take to protect her child is to go organic -- not only with food, but with skin-care and hair-care products, too," Harper suggests.

A Toxic Time Bomb

Hair dyes that contain certified, organic and natural ingredients are safer for use during pregnancy than conventional hair-dye products that contain chemicals like aromatic amines, parabens, resorcinol and ammonia. Aromatic amines are precursors of nitrosamines, and some nitrosamines (such as those found in tobacco smoke) are known carcinogens. Parabens are preservatives that mimic the hormone estrogen -- potentially problematic during pregnancy when the body is already facing challenges brought on by hormonal turmoil. Resorcinol is highly toxic and dangerous if absorbed into the bloodstream, and therefore pregnant women should completely avoid its use. It's also advisable to avoid products that contain resorcinol if you are planning to conceive, as it can collect in fat cells and release into the bloodstream at a later time. "A 2005 study by the University of North Carolina suggested a link between neuroplastoma, or cancer, in offpsring of mothers who used permanent, semi and temporary hair color at home or in a salon," warns Stephen Mazer, a Florida-based physician and on-staff doctor for Organic Color Systems.

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Recommendations

"Pregnant women should delay any chemical color treatments until after the first trimester," according to Dr. Mazer. However, gray hairs sometimes appear to sprout overnight, and if you are used to promptly covering your gray, you may feel reluctant to break this habit during pregnancy. Dr. Mazer recommends using a reputable brand of organic hair dye, which contains natural ingredients and is safer for moms-to-be than hair dyes that are chemically based. A patch test is highly recommended before using any hair-dye product, and is especially important during pregnancy "when women's bodies can sometimes react to substances in unexpected ways," Dr. Mazer explains.

Benefits

Pregnant women sometimes experience a heightened sense of smell and increased sensitivity to strong smells such as ammonia. Dr. Mazer advises pregnant women to avoid breathing in ammonia fumes, as these could harm a developing fetus. Organic hair dyes often smell more pleasant than conventional hair dyes because they are ammonia-free and do not contain harsh synthetic fragrances. Ingredients like coconut and soy-oil byproducts soften and moisturize hair cuticles and are more gentle on the hair and scalp than hair dyes that contain ammonia, which can damage hair cuticles. If changing hormones during pregnancy have made your hair drier, an oil-based, organic hair dye might help to restore its lustrous shine.

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Further Precautions

If you have only a few gray hairs or you're concerned about the potential toxicity of all brands of hair dye, Dr. Mazer recommends using organic products for coloring techniques like highlighting or lowlighting. In these procedures, dye is applied to selected hair strands instead of an all-over application. Hair strands are wrapped in foil, and contact between scalp and hair dye is largely avoided, thus reducing the risk of the dye being absorbed into your skin and causing harm to your unborn baby.

Pregnancy is a time of happy expectation, but you might also feel a growing sense of responsibility that prompts you to reconsider certain aspects of your life, such as your diet and the types of products you use on your skin. The skin is the largest organ in the body and absorbs up to 60 percent of the substances it touches, including chemicals like solvents and phthalates -- common ingredients in cosmetic products -- that have been linked to potential health problems and fetal abnormalities. Advises dermatologist David Bank of the Center for Dermatology, Cosmetic & Laser Surgery in Mount Kisco, New York, "Organic products do not contain any harsh chemicals or preservatives, which is why pregnant women should use them. Whenever possible, try and avoid chemicals and preservatives, because chemical exposure can affect a baby's health, especially during early pregnancy when the fetus is developing."

Nail Polish

According to Dr. Adam Cirlincione, a podiatrist and cofounder of Dr.'s Remedy Enriched Nail Polish, "Certain chemicals can be risky during pregnancy, such as formaldehyde, DPB and toluene, which are often found in traditional nail polish." Formaldehyde is a carcinogen that can be absorbed through the nails, and toluene is a solvent that can irritate skin and lungs.

Phthalates are also a concern when using nail polish. Louisa Graves, author of "Hollywood Beauty Secrets," says that "the Department of Health and Human Services and the EPA have classified phthalates as a 'probable human carcinogen,' and the Centers for Disease Control confirmed that humans can accumulate phthalates." Phthalates can mimic the effects of the hormone estrogen, causing hormonal imbalances and affecting fetal growth. Some research studies have also linked phthalate absorption to childhood obesity.

Nail polishes that are free from chemicals and contain natural ingredients with moisturizing, antibacterial and anti-fungal properties -- such as wheat protein, tea tree oil, lavender, and garlic-bulb extract -- are a safer choice for your pregnancy mani-pedis.

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Skin-Care Products

Pregnant women should avoid skin-care products like moisturizers and serums that contain retinol. Dermatologist Debra Jaliman, author of "Skin Rules: Trade Secrets From a Top New York Dermatologist," warns that "retinol is a Vitamin A derivative that is related to retinoids like Retin-A. They are rated pregnancy category 'X', which means that they could cause fetal abnormalities." Jaliman also recommends avoiding products that contain salicylic acid, which is related to aspirin -- a drug that is not permitted in pregnancy because of an increased risk of miscarriage.

Instead, look for moisturizers that contain natural ingredients such as soothing chamomile, aloe vera gel and grapeseed extract. Choose skin-care products from reputable brands such as Dr. Hauschka, and those that carry the BDIH seal confirming them as "Certified Natural Cosmetics."

Body-Care Products

As a general rule, when choosing organic body-care products, look for items carrying the Organic Consumers Association seal, which certifies that they are 100 percent organic. "Don't put anything on your skin that you couldn't eat!" suggests Aimee Raupp, a certified acupuncturist and herbalist and the author of "Yes, You Can Get Pregnant."

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Mineral Makeup

Pregnancy can sometimes trigger skin breakouts or acne during the first trimester. Choose reputable mineral makeup brands like Advanced Mineral Makeup or Mineral Fusion that use only organic ingredients for products such as foundations, primers and powders. Mineral makeup is oil-free and noncomedogenic -- it lets your skin breathe more effectively than conventional products and is often made from natural and organic ingredients without the use of synthetic colors and fragrances and chemicals such as petroleum and parabens. Parabens can disrupt the normal function of hormones such as estrogen, which is vital for maintaining pregnancy and triggering fetal growth. "Most conventional makeup contains parabens, which can mimic estrogen and have been found in the breast tissue of women with breast cancer," says skin care and makeup aesthetician Annie Mayo, president of Advanced Mineral Makeup.

Your increased attention to what's going into your body when you're pregnant doesn't stop at the kitchen table. Beyond shunning sushi and glasses of wine, you may also be concerned about your beauty products (or, more specifically, the ingredients used to make them). Nail services are often questioned, since procedures are done with alcohols, polishes and other products that don't necessarily have ingredient labels handy.

Luckily, the short answer as to whether it’s OK to get your nails done while you’re pregnant is yes. "There is no scientific or medical reason not to get services during a pregnancy," says Samira Asemanfar, founder of the Southern California nail-care chain Bellacures. Like many of the other high-end salons, says Asemanfar, Bellacures offers a chemical-free nail service that they call the Mom-i-Cure. But there are other ways that concerned moms-to-be can adapt their traditional manicure and pedicure services during their pregnancies.

Proper Ventilation

Pregnant or not, Asemanfar says, "you don't want to sit in any environment where you are breathing in acrylic powders and chemicals for an hour." In addition to any safety concerns, it may make you queasy. However, this shouldn't be too much of a problem. Asemanfar says that "most salons these days don't have that smell, as the trend has been that more people are getting gels and regular manicures over acrylics."

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Polish Remover

Standard, acetone-heavy nail-polish remover isn’t actually harmful to pregnant women, says Sree Roy, managing editor of Nails magazine, a trade publication for salon professionals. But she says that those who are playing it extra safe can ask for "non-acetone removers, including soy-based removers." If the issue is more of sensitivity to the remover’s smell, Roy says to look for a salon with scent-free products.

Leg and Foot Massages

While a leg and foot massage might sound like heaven for swollen ankles, Roy says to ask the nail specialist to take it easy. "Pregnant women are at higher risk of blood clots in the lower legs due to circulatory changes, so only light massage should be performed, as there is a chance deep-tissue massage could dislodge a blood clot," says Roy. "Also, the ankle/heel area contains pressure points that could affect reproductive organs, so you may want to avoid being massaged there to be extra cautious. You may want to avoid massage altogether just for the first trimester."

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Essential Oils

Pay attention to the essential oils that can be used to soften skin during nail trimmings, says Roy. "Some essential oils, called ‘emmenagogues,’ are known to induce menstruation or other types of bleeding," she says. "Oils in this category include chamomile, cinnamon, fennel, ginger, jasmine, juniper, myrrh, peppermint, rose, sage, eucalyptus and rosemary -- any of which may be used in products for manicure and pedicure services. It is unlikely that the amount of exposure a woman encounters during a salon service would have an effect on her and the baby, but I'd advise avoiding these emmenagogues just as an added precaution, especially during the first trimester."

Gels and Acrylics

Roy says that more elaborate nail procedures like gels and acrylics shouldn’t be a pregnancy risk because "applied correctly, these products should not touch the skin and will not penetrate the nail." For safety's sake, "Make sure you go to a reputable nail salon that doesn’t let these gel and acrylic products touch your skin," she advises.

Nail Polish

While Roy says that nail polish is safe to use while pregnant, the rise in awareness of polish ingredients has brought out several more natural and mom-conscious lines of products for those who are extra cautious. "Knocked Up Nails, Zoya, SpaRitual, and Acquarella all remove certain ingredients to make moms-to-be feel more secure," says Roy.

As your belly expands and your anticipated arrival kicks and prods inside of you, it's possible that your skin-care routine will need a little kick too. That healthy glow may not be lighting up your face when skin-care issues unique to pregnancy take over. For some, the skin-care routine you had before might be suddenly inefficient. "What was working fine before might all of a sudden be causing new problems with rashes and sensitivity," says Bridget Riley, an aesthetician and owner of Boston Skin Solutions skin and laser clinic. "Your skin might flat-out change during pregnancy, or you might find all of a sudden you can't tolerate how your usual products smell." Address the skin-care challenges and changes with gentle cleansing strategies that will diminish the imperfections those hormones may be inflicting on your skin while you wait for baby's arrival.

The Pregnancy Mask

Skin care during pregnancy should be individualized and flexible. Many women experience little to no change in their skin, while others are affected by what is known as the curse of hyperpigmentation -- melasma. A hormone-driven condition, melasma produces the discoloration also known as "the mask of pregnancy," says San Francisco dermatologist Richard Glogau. “It is more common in skin types with some degree of tan, but it can occur in virtually any skin type."

Protection of the skin from long-wave ultraviolet A light is something to look for, Glogau advises. "Using a sunscreen product that is outstanding in blocking long-wave ultraviolet A light is key to keeping your skin tone even when you are expecting."

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The Battle With Breakouts

Whether you were acne-prone before your pregnancy or not, you might experience a surge in breakouts for the next nine months. And, unfortunately, the acne preparations you were using are likely to cause inflammation, making the breakouts worse, says Riley. "You and your skin-care professional will have to dial things down a bit, since your skin will be more sensitive," she cautions. "In general, go organic whenever possible."

A mild organic scrub should do the trick, or sweeten your cleansing routine with sugar scrubs. All-natural cleansers and toners with anti-inflammatory ingredients will help keep your skin calm and smooth. Look for products with green tea, chamomile, cucumber extracts and plant extracts. Avoid prescription products with harsh chemicals used to treat acne, such as Retin-A, warns Riley. These are too harsh for your skin during pregnancy.

Revealing That Healthy Glow

Remove dead skin and keep your body in silky smooth shape during pregnancy by exfoliating to reveal softer, newer skin beneath, revealing that glow you've heard so much about. The best and proper method of exfoliating the body is performed on dry skin, says skin therapist Regina Wright of the Spa at Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago. "Apply sugar scrub using massaging circular movements to dry skin," she says. "Once the entire body has been exfoliated, turn on the shower and the warm water will remove the dry skin but seal in the oils from the scrub, leaving the body silky smooth and hydrated."

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Pregnancy Pampering

While your baby is growing inside, you may notice new sensitivity to smells and skin-care products. "It's important to recognize that during pregnancy, women are more sensitive in all areas, including pain and ingredient tolerance," says Christie Lavigne, director of skin care at Oasis Westchester Day Spa in Dobbs Ferry, New York. Avoid products with essential oils or too much fragrance to reduce the risk of skin irritation and even nausea. Services such as micro-dermabrasions can also cause unnecessary irritation to the skin, says Lavigne.

This doesn't mean you can't treat yourself to a day at the spa, though. A gentle massage with shea butter or cocoa butter can combat dryness and stretch marks and leave you feeling refreshed when the weight of that little one drags you down. "With proper care and caution, most pregnant women can and should receive treatments to help pamper, relieve stress and enjoy a little TLC before the arrival of their little one," says Lavigne.

A fresh, clean face staring back at you first thing in the morning is a great way to start off the day, especially when the aches and pains of pregnancy leave you feeling worn out. Exfoliating your skin with pregnancy-safe products can help revive not just your skin, but also your spirits. "During pregnancy, your hormones are all over the place, so you want to choose products to help balance, calm and nourish the skin of new moms and moms-to-be during this time of transition," says Saralee Hofrichter, a Massachusetts-based aesthetician and the owner of EarthElegant.com. Balance your mood and your skin-care routine with all-natural and herbal exfoliants during pregnancy.

Clay

"Exfoliation is an important step in skin care, but it doesn't need to be a harsh chemical exfoliation," says Hofrichter. She recommends clay as a natural way of exfoliating and shedding unwanted, peeling skin during pregnancy. "The clay mask is a gentle way to exfoliate the dead, dry skin that we produce every month."

A clay mask will wash away impurities in your skin by connecting itself to oils, toxins and dirt trapped within your face's pores. Wash away makeup with warm water and gentle soap and then apply the clay mask with a soft circular motion. Depending on the product, you can leave masks on for 10 to 30 minutes before washing with a washcloth and warm water.

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Herbal Scrubs

Revitalize those skin cells during pregnancy with anti-aging exfoliation products. According to Jenelle Kim, formulator and herbologist for Jadience Herbal Formulas, an all-natural line of skin-care products in California, exfoliation is one of the keys to anti-aging due to the fact that it removes dead skin cells and toxins while increasing circulation of blood and chi. She suggests keeping your exfoliation routine all-natural with herbal-formula exfoliating scrubs.

"The ritual of using finely ground herbal granules and rose hips to exfoliate dull surface skin cells in order to reveal new, healthy dermal layers has been used in Asia for hundreds of years," says Kim. "The herbal granules are nonabrasive, and the formula stays true to the centuries-proven ritual which results with ageless, radiant and smooth skin."

To achieve that healthy pregnancy glow, Kim recommends seeking herbal exfoliants with Poria cocos, artemisia and angelica to eliminate bacteria and penetrate deep to clear blemishes and prevent new breakouts. "Skin will be cleansed, purified and absolutely radiant," she says.

Fruit Acid Peels

If you are battling breakouts with the hormonal changes that pregnancy brings, resist the temptation to reach for your typical acne creams with retinoid or salicylic acid, says Dr. Oscar Hevia, a cosmetic dermatologist in Miami, Florida. "Instead, use gentle scrubs or fruit acid peels," he suggests. "Exfoliation stimulates skin renewal and decreases the formation of blackheads and whiteheads."

A fruit acid peel will use natural glycolic acid found in oranges and apples to remove layers of skin while toning and improving the texture of your face and body. Known for preventing and fighting acne, fruit acid peels also provide deep cleansing action that is safe during pregnancy.

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Natural Soap

Sometimes, it's best to keep your beauty routine simple when the chaos of pregnancy takes over. Some of the best all-natural exfoliants are right at your fingertips in your household. "A great way to exfoliate skin while pregnant is to use an exfoliating soap made with natural ingredients such as oatmeal, salt and sugar one to two times a week in the shower," says Hevia. "These natural ingredients work as physical exfoliants to gently remove dead cells from the skin's surface."

As hormonal changes take over your body and excitement builds for a new little one, it’s likely your skin is reacting with anticipation, too. While some women experience a healthy glow, you may not be so lucky. Exfoliating can help bring out your natural pregnancy glow, though. “Using an exfoliator twice a week will help slough off dead skin cells, allowing creams to penetrate the skin,” says Nadine Brown, skin care specialist and owner of Mrs. Brown’s Bath Bakery in Tucson, Arizona. “Exfoliates help to lighten dark spots and help make skin appear smoother and less blotchy.” If your skin is dry, peeling or blotchy, it’s time to break down those dead skin cells with exfoliation and some well-deserved pampering.

Microdermabrasion

Sweeten up your skin care routine during pregnancy with sugar scrubs and deep cleansing to safely exfoliate. A microdermabrasion treatment is one of the best ways to clear your skin of dry, flaky skin and battle common breakouts. Simply purchase a microdermabrasion home kit, spread on your favorite scrub and let the bristles exfoliate your skin. Or, let a professional dote on you with a professional microdermabrasion treatment at the spa – you deserve some royal treatment. Microdermabrasian can help brighten and smooth your skin, regardless if it is dry or oily. “Microdermabrasion is one of the best natural remedies,” says Brown. “Using a sugar scrub can work wonders.” If your skin is sensitive, it is best to consult with a dermatologist or physician before treatment. Some doctors advise against the procedure, though most say it's not the process itself but the products used during or after it that may cause concern.

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Exfoliating Brush

Brush away those imperfections caused by hormonal changes with an exfoliating brush and a rigorous beauty regimen once or twice a week. Before exfoliating or applying lotion, it's important to evaluate your skin type with a dermatologist. Some women may have extra sensitive skin during pregnancy and exfoliating, moisturizing and cleansing can irritate the skin if not performed correctly.

If your skin is up for it, using an exfoliating brush correctly is key to bringing back that glorious glow. Begin by getting the bristles of the exfoliating brush wet in the tub or shower, recommends Brown. Squirt bath and body wash onto the bristles to produce suds to get a good lather going. Rub the exfoliating brush over the body to slough off the dry skin cells. Don’t forget your knees, elbows, heels and any other rough spots. Keep rubbing gently until skin is tingling, says Brown. A quick rinse and a sensitive pat down and you’re ready to slather on body cream or lotion to trap the moisture in your skin after exfoliating -- just make sure whatever products you are using are safe for use during pregnancy.

Jojoba Beads

Since your skin is changing and unpredictable during pregnancy, a gentle approach may be the best route. Try exfoliating with products that use a gentle exfoliating agent, such as jojoba beads, which are round and smooth, suggests Tamara Green, esthetician and owner of Servello Herbal Body Essentials in Portland, Oregon. “Exfoliators that have ground seeds could be too harsh for sensitive skin and might increase the melasma or hyperpigmentation,” she says. “Steer clear of alpha hydroxy acids, such as glycol acid, as they can seep into the bloodstream and are not healthy for the fetus.”

Using an exfoliating brush or soft cloth, gently let the jojoba beads work off dead skin cells for a smooth result. “Exfoliating the skin on a weekly basis ensures proper skin cell renewal and helps the moisturizers and serums to fully penetrate the skin and in return perform at peak capacity,” says Green.

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Exfoliating Masks

Take a break from your daily routine and give your mind, body and skin a rest with exfoliating masks designed to refresh and moisturize your skin. A clay mask will give you a healthy glow and a few minutes to yourself once or twice a week. Simply apply the mask to clean skin, and let it penetrate your face, knees, elbows and drier areas of the skin for 10 to 15 minutes, says Green. Rinse thoroughly but gently with a washcloth to reveal a new layer of rejuvenated skin.

As you're holding that new bundle of joy, skin care is probably the last thing on your mind. However, as the days and months pass and you're busy with diaper-changing and feedings, you'll probably notice that the hormonal changes from pregnancy have taken a toll on your skin. "Adjusting to motherhood can leave you tired and stressed, which leads to appearances on the skin, but these can go away when tending to your skin’s needs," says Dr. Howard Sobel, director of the New York Institute of Aesthetic Dermatology and Laser Surgery. "Simple things can make all the difference in your skin after pregnancy." Revive and recover that fresh glow by kicking up your beauty regimen in between cuddling and swaddling your little one.

Common Skin Conditions

During and after pregnancy, your skin continues to change. Some women in particular may experience redness or flakiness caused by changes in hormones. "After pregnancy, your hormones are still working their way back to before you were pregnant, therefore unwanted skin conditions may still occur," says Dr. Marina Peredo, an associate clinical professor of dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York. "Hyperpigmentation is highly likely after birth, showing signs of flakes around your forehead, eyes or even mouth."

Due to elevated estrogen and progesterone levels mixing together, you may also notice defined stretch marks and a rough texture to your skin. Late-night feedings and the lack of sleep that goes with them may also impact your skin's condition, warns Sobel. "Dark under-eye circles and roughness are likely as well due to your body adjusting to this new life with a new baby."

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Rest and Relaxation

One of the best things you can do for your mind, body and skin is get adequate sleep. "Get as much sleep as possible and drink plenty of water," advises Sobel. "This will help with any inflammation you may encounter."

Adequate sleep, whether at night or afternoon naps, will help revive your skin and lead your body on its way to recovery after pregnancy. Marina Krikota, aesthetician and owner of Mauve Skin Care in San Jose, California, says that rest is often the cure for skin recovery after pregnancy. "The best way to start a skin-recovery regimen is to have enough sleep and rest, which is so difficult to have for the first few months after baby arrives," she points out. "But skin is the largest organ in our body and of course, your lifestyle will affect the skin condition tremendously."

Cleaning Routine

Once your sleepy eyes are open, step up your cleaning routine to begin the skin's journey on the road to recovery. Since you are likely more prone to breakouts, oiliness or extremely dry skin, now is the time to ease your way back into a structured cleansing regimen. "Everyone's skin reacts differently, but in general, the skin sensitivity increases, so you might experience skin dehydration, sensitivity, acne or even hyperpigmentation," Krikota explains.

Soothe your skin with mild cleansers, scrubs and exfoliants with chamomile and aloe vera. Serums and moisturizers with vitamins E and C also provide a much-needed boost for your skin, says Krikota. If hyperpigmentation is plaguing your skin, protect yourself and recover your skin’s condition by applying sunscreen every day. Just avoid hydrocodone products while breastfeeding, Krikota cautions, as the side effects of these products may not be suitable for the baby.

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Moisturizing Mom

Get back that smooth, silky skin with pampering treatments to make you feel refreshed. Apply moisturizer daily after cleansing and after weekly exfoliating treatments. "Be sure to use a smoothing moisturizing body lotion all over to help with rough patches and flakiness," says Sobel. He recommends a light, oil-free hydrator with a minimum of SPF 45 and body lotion to lock in moisture with a lightweight feel.

You can also resume a regular skin-care regimen after pregnancy if you are not breastfeeding, according to Peredo. If breastfeeding, stick to organic ingredients free from parabens. "You should not use any products containing salicylic acid or retinoids," she says. "Alpha hydroxy acids such as glycolic are perfectly safe to use and a physical sunscreen containing titanium dioxide and zinc because they do not penetrate the skin."

When you're in labor, chances are good you won't be thinking too much about how well-groomed your pubic hair looks. But in the months leading up to childbirth -- when your hair down there may be sprouting more quickly than you ever imagined thanks to pregnancy hormones, and your burgeoning belly can make your regular grooming regimen more complicated -- a bikini wax may seem like a grand idea. Here's what you should know before you make that spa appointment.

The Facts

Bikini waxes aren't pain-free for most women even when they're not pregnant, but your increased pregnancy blood flow makes your skin even more sensitive, especially in your pubic area, explains Atlanta gynecologist Sujatha Reddy. This means more potential for in-wax pain and post-wax bruising, swelling and discomfort. You may also be more prone to getting ingrown hairs as your pubic hair starts to grow back in.

To minimize the pain and icky aftereffects, the American Pregnancy Association recommends getting your doctor's OK to use a soothing lotion before and after your wax.

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Minimize Your Risks

Always talk to your health care provider before scheduling a wax. Though bikini waxing is safe for most expecting moms, every pregnancy is different, and your doctor can help you address any specific issues with waxing and your particular pregnancy. For example, if you have edema or high blood pressure during pregnancy, your doctor may recommend you skip waxing.

Your increased skin sensitivity may also make you more prone to post-wax skin abrasions in your stripped hair follicles. These abrasions can be germ magnets, and since skin infections in pregnancy can lead to serious problems -- including premature labor and neonatal infections -- if they go untreated, follow up your bikini wax with an antibiotic cream to reduce your infection risk, recommends Reddy. Soothe pain and help speed healing after your wax with a cool bath, since you'll probably be sore.

Expert Advice

Schedule your bikini wax at a clean, reputable salon or spa, and ask your technician to do a test patch first so that you can gauge the pain level and check for allergic reactions. Even if you've had bikini waxes before, all those pregnancy changes can do some crazy things, so it's smart to do a preliminary check.

Let your waxing tech know ahead of time that you're expecting, since some salons may have special requirements or procedures for pregnant women. If you have a choice, Reddy recommends opting for sugar waxes, which use more natural ingredients and are less likely to cause an allergic reaction.

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Other Hair-Removal Methods

Old-fashioned shaving works just fine for keeping your bikini line in shape and is safe for pregnant women -- but just like waxes, you may be more likely to get ingrown hairs from bikini-line shaving maintenance while you're pregnant. Just be sure to use a moisturizing shaving gel and a new razor to avoid nicks and cuts, recommends the American Pregnancy Association. If you have trouble seeing what you're shaving with your increased belly size, consider enlisting your partner's shaving support.

Skip hair-removal creams when you're pregnant. Their active ingredients, like calcium thioglycolate and barium sulfide powder, may be safe during pregnancy, but since there's no conclusive evidence to demonstrate that they are definitely safe, it's smart to avoid the potential risk.

Similarly, there's little information about the safety of laser hair removal during pregnancy, so many doctors recommend avoiding it simply because the risk involved isn't clear.

Pregnancy is a time of choices. Giving up those grueling five-mile runs: Easy. Giving up those Italian combos at your fave deli: Hard! These things tend to be on most expecting moms' radar. But there are other, less obvious choices to consider during pregnancy, too -- like whether or not to shelve your current shampoo and conditioner for the next nine months. Believe it or not, some shampoos and conditioners contain ingredients that could be potentially harmful to a growing baby. Notes Maura Henninger, a naturopathic doctor practicing in New York City, "An expecting mother must absolutely educate herself, or ask her doctor, about what ingredients to look out for; everyday products like shampoo and conditioner are chief offenders when it comes to toxic ingredients, so re-stocking the bathroom shelves with safe, organic beauty products is one of the first things a mom-to-be must do."

Ingredients to Avoid

Reading the ingredient list on a shampoo or conditioner is probably the last thing you feel like doing now that you're a mama-to-be: After all, it's tiring growing a baby, and you probably just want to grab your tried-and-true brand and get home so you can put your feet up! But there are ingredients in certain shampoos and conditioners that are red flags, says Henninger, and if you see them, your best bet is to put the bottle back on the shelf. The first are parabens (also listed as sodium methylparaben, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben and butylparaben). Warns Henninger, "They prevent bacterial growth in products so they can maintain shelf-life, but research shows that they may disrupt hormone balance and are thus a danger to the proper development of the fetus." She also suggests avoiding products with vitamin A (retinyl palmitate), because too much can cause cranial defects in growing fetuses. Lastly, Henninger recommends steering clear of shampoos and conditioners with sodium lauryl sulfate, which has been linked to birth defects in animal studies, and phthalates, which are known endocrine disrupters.

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Ingredients to Look For

The fab news is there are plenty of natural shampoos and conditioners that will keep your locks luscious and combat some of the yucky hair effects of pregnancy, like breakage and hair loss, without all the risk. "Good ingredients to look out for are shea butter, which prevents hair from losing moisture and thus prevents breakage," says Henninger. "Coconut oil is another wonderful ingredient for sealing in moisture to the hair follicle. Aloe vera gel helps with hair loss; this can be mixed in with shampoo and conditioners. Jojoba oil is a great natural humectant because it's very similar to the hair's own natural oils. Avocado oil has tons of great vitamins including D, E and potassium, which are essential for hair health."

Recommended Shampoos

Before you study the back of every shampoo and conditioner in the aisle, these recommendations from Henninger can give you a starting point in your quest for waiting-for-baby-safe hair products. She suggests trying John Masters Organics Bare Shampoo, because it doesn't contain any dangerous ingredients, is fragrance-free, and is infused with chamomile and jojoba. Henninger also likes Nine Naturals Oh Baby Shampoo, which is also completely safe and has soothing ingredients like aloe vera and olive oil. Lastly, she is a proponent of Molton Brown Cassia Energy Hair and Body Wash because it has very few ingredients -- only calcium oxide, cassia (cinnamon scent), rosemary oil and lemon -- and it doubles as a body wash.

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Recommended Conditioners

Don't forget about combing out those tangles. "I love Nine Naturals conditioners," says Henninger. "They have 'Citrus and Mint' and 'Mandarin and Ginger.' Yum! John Masters also makes a Bare conditioner/detangler that is fantastic, fragrance-free and has great natural ingredients like calendula and white tea." For a deep-conditioning treatment, Henninger recommends a mask of egg, yogurt and olive oil once a week, or coconut oil applied to the ends of hair.

Pregnancy hormones bring about all sorts of changes to a woman's body, including the skin. Cybele Fishman, an integrative dermatologist in New York City, says that while pregnancy may not always result in dry skin around the face, it can be an issue "if you get low thyroid while you are pregnant" or "if you live in a very dry climate, or in a cold climate and you have forced air heat that is un-humidified." Luckily, there are natural foods and products -- things Fishman prefers over the alternative, while also acknowledging that "you cannot live in a bubble" when it comes to products with chemicals -- that can gently hydrate your skin after pregnancy.

Water

Water is, naturally, a major factor in keeping your face -- as well as the rest of your body -- hydrated, says Fishman. "If you are dehydrated, your skin, being the biggest organ in your body, will likely reflect this internal dehydration." She adds that water isn’t the only thing needed to keep skin moisturized, but it should definitely be part of your daily intake.

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Fishman says she is a "big fan" of omega-3 fatty acids, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Omega-3s "make up 15 percent of the skin's lipid bilayer," she explains, and are thus "key for locking in moisture and preventing water evaporation from the skin." Fishman points out that "most prenatal vitamins have DHA, which is important for a baby's brain development, but I recommend extra supplementation to get EPA, which is good for skin hydration.” Omega-3s can also be found in nuts, flaxseed oil and oily fishes like salmon.

Hyaluronic Acid

To combat dry skin, Cybil Solyn, an esthetician and owner of Solyn Skin Fitness Studio in Burbank, California, recommends serums loaded with hyaluronic acid. These products "mimic water hydration without added oil or weight," says Solyn. "Hyaluronic acid [is found] in lots of serums, but my personal favorites are Bioelements' Moisture x10, since it can be added into any skin care routine, and Epicuren's Moisture Surge, which can be cocktailed into nearly any moisturizer or serum you already own for an added hydration boost. I also like Biolements' Gel Therapy mask. It isn't a serum, but has a lot of hyaluronic acid in it. Many of my high-profile clients wear it overnight so their makeup glides on better before an event, or to look dewy and glowing for their time on camera."

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Shea Butter

For a rich moisturizing routine that can sooth dry, chapped skin, it’s hard to go wrong with the thick creaminess of shea butter. "My favorite brand is Neal's Yard Remedies," says Fishman. "It is what I sell in my office. For face, use the Frankincense Hydrating Cream or Wild Rose Beauty Balm. For body, there's an oat and calendula lotion, or, for real dry spots, the orange and geranium body butter."

While it's easy to become obsessed with your skin during pregnancy, when new outbreaks of acne, odd blotches and rashes related to your skin's increased sensitivity appear almost daily. But pregnancy might not be the time to try microdermabrasion, the removal of the layer of damaged skin by scraping and vacuuming dead cells. Because doctors disagree on the safety of microdermabrasion in pregnancy, always ask your own physician before undergoing any type of treatment during pregnancy.

Purpose

Pregnancy can sometimes give you a "glow" that comes from increased blood flow, but it can also make your skin lifeless and dull looking, especially if you develop the mask of pregnancy, a brownish discoloration around your eyes and nose that's medically termed melasma or chloasma. Microdermabrasion can remove the discoloration, at least temporarily. However, because melanocyte production is intensified during pregnancy, as long as your hormone levels remain high, as they will throughout your entire pregnancy, there's a good chance the discoloration will return.

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Risks

Pregnant skin is easily irritated; the normal side effects of microdermabrasion, which include redness, dry skin, itching and mild swelling, might be intensified during pregnancy. Removing skin discoloration might have only a temporary effect; the mask of pregnancy could recur. Increased skin sensitivity and irritation, as well as the slower skin healing that occurs in pregnancy, can also increase your risk of developing a skin infection. Certain drugs used to prepare your face for treatment shouldn't be used during pregnancy, according to Dr. Mark Schusterman, a plastic surgeon in Houston, Texas.

Modifications

Microdermabrasion can be safe if your doctor makes certain modifications to the process, Dr. Shustermann emphasizes. These include using something other than an alpha or beta hydroxy acid cleanser in the pre-treatment cleansing phase. Also avoid chemical peels, which are often used at the end of the microabrasion process, because they contain potentially harmful chemicals, such as salicylic acid, which could affect your baby.

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Recovery

Hormonal changes as well as the decreased activity of your immune system caused by pregnancy can make wound healing slower than normal. A new layer of skin must form after microdermabrasion; if this process slows, your skin will stay pink and will sting and feel slightly raw for a longer period of time. You're also more likely to end up with scars or areas of hypopigmentation if the treatment used causes severe irritation, Dr. Schusterman cautions.

Home Kits

Don't use home kits for microdermabrasion while you're pregnant; while the chemicals contained in over-the-counter microdermabrasion kits might cause less irritation than those used by professionals, they might also be unsafe for use in pregnancy.

Suzanne Robin is a registered nurse with more than 25 years of experience in oncology, labor/delivery, neonatal intensive care, infertility and ophthalmology. She also has extensive experience working in home health with developmentally delayed or medically fragile children. Robin received her RN degree from Western Oklahoma State College. She has coauthored and edited numerous books for the Wiley "Dummies" series.

A healthy glow and radiant skin is often associated with pregnant women. But if your skin is not glowing with all of that extra hormonal activity, it’s time to experiment with beauty products and all-natural body cleansers to rejuvenate your skin. “It is so vital to remember that you have pores that cover your entire body and when products are applied, they are absorbed into your body,” says Jenelle Kim, a formulator and herbologist for Jadience Herbal Formulas, an all-natural line of skin care products in California. “What gets absorbed by your body will likely get absorbed by your baby.” Treat yourself to a skin care regimen with body cleansers that will benefit you and keep your skin glowing for the next nine months.

Sugar Scrubs

Sweeten the smell and smoothness of your skin during pregnancy with all-natural sugar scrub cleansers. Kim recommends an herbal formula sugar scrub to nourish skin during pregnancy. “It [herbal sugar scrub] consists of a host of amazing herbal ingredients that deeply nourish skin, increase circulation of blood and chi and exfoliate dead skin cells to deeply tone and hydrate skin while helping to prevent stretch marks and breakouts,” she says. You can even make your own cleansers, adding herbs to the basic ingredients of sugar and oil.

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All Natural Serums

Since pregnancy is a time when blood flow is increased, skin can get broken capillaries, especially around the cheeks, says Pearl Dworkin, an esthetician and holistic nutritionist in San Francisco, California. “I recommend serums that help strengthen the capillaries and cleansers and toners with gentle anti-inflammatory ingredients, such as green tea, plant extracts, chamomile and cucumber extracts.” Dworkin recommends against aggressive scrubs, but encourages gentle exfoliation to remove dead skin cells.

Honey

Keep your beauty regimen natural with a little bit of the sweet stuff. Use honey to cleanse your body during pregnancy, says Dworkin. “The natural sugars dissolve the bonds that hold the dead skin cells to the surface and honey also has anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties,” she says.

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Mandelic Acid

Many women will notice that although pregnancy may make the skin radiant for some, for others it produces breakouts and even rashes. Combat skincare blemishes with mandelic acid. This white, crystallized solid is soluble in water and found in many cleansers designed for pregnant women. “Mandelic acid is one of my favorite ingredients to treat acne,” says Dworkin. “It’s safe and effective and comes from almonds. It has a lipophillic quality that can penetrate the pores and disperse oil, and it is antibacterial.”

Mild, White Soap

If you want to keep your skin care routine simple, Anita Redd, president of Anita’s Balm, a skin care line in Lawrenceville, Georgia, recommends cleansing with mild, white soap, followed by a natural moisturizer under the eyes and on fine lines. “It will keep us looking bright eyed and energetic despite nausea and other tiring symptoms,” says Redd.

Every woman deserves a little pampering, and that's never more true than when you're suffering through morning sickness, sciatica, joint and ligament pain, and other body changes that you'd only mention to your gynecologist. Now is the time to relax, enjoy and spoil yourself as much as possible so you're as rested as you can be for the big event and the sleepless nights to follow.

Pamper Your Hands

If you're looking for a little bit of pampering, feel your stresses melt away as your providential nail technician massages your hands and beautifies your nails. Manicure treatments are safe throughout pregnancy. You can even opt for a set of acrylic or gel nails if your own tips aren't performing at their best. However, nails can change a lot throughout pregnancy, growing thicker and stronger, or becoming weak and brittle. You may prefer a simple manicure, a hand massage and a pretty coat of nail polish -- the choice is entirely yours. If you're experiencing morning sickness -- better described as any-time-of-day sickness -- you may even want to avoid nail polish for a while because the fumes may trigger your sensitive stomach.

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Help Your Glow Along

Whether you're beaming with the glow of pregnancy or spending more time turning green with morning sickness, a facial will help to bring out your pregnant beauty. Pregnancy hormones can increase your oil production, which can lead to clogged pores and oily-looking skin. If you've noticed acne popping up like it did during your teenage years, those extra oils are the likely culprit. A deep-cleansing facial helps to unclog your pores and give you healthier looking skin. These facials typically include services such as exfoliation, a face massage, a hydrating or cleansing mask and a healthy dose of moisturizer. If your baby bump isn't showing just yet, make sure you let your esthetician know you're pregnant so she can avoid products such as ozone and retinol. Pregnancy may also have made your skin more sensitive, advises Josephine Fusco, a certified makeup artist and skincare expert in Oceanside, New York. It's best to avoid microdermabrasion and chemical peels for now, and treat yourself to the works once your baby has arrived.

Massage Your Stresses Away

While your massage therapist may not be able to move your baby off your bladder or eliminate sciatica, a soothing, relaxing massage may make you forget about your pregnancy troubles for a little while. "Prenatal massages by a licensed massage therapist can do wonders for both physical and mental stress," says Dr. Jaime Schehr, a naturopathic doctor and registered dietitian in Greenwich, Connecticut. According to the March of Dimes, massage can help to reduce emotional stress, ease back pain, alleviate swelling and sooth your aching muscles. Always remember to opt for a side-lying position, particularly during the second and third trimesters, to avoid venous compression during your soothing massage. While prenatal massage is safe for most pregnant women, the March of Dimes does recommend pregnant women consult with their health-care provider before making that first appointment.

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Don't Ignore Your Feet

Just because you can't see them anymore, it doesn't mean they're not still down there somewhere. Pampering your feet during pregnancy not only helps to keeps them looking soft, supple and beautiful, it also feels wonderfully relaxing. Make an appointment at your favorite salon at least once a month to indulge in some well-earned foot pampering. However, if you're pampering on a tight budget, or you've made it your personal mission to be the most frugal mom-to-be of the year, you can enlist the assistance of a pregnant pal. Enjoy a warm foot soak as you relax with fruit juices and mini sandwiches, and then take turns giving each other pedicures.

The joys of pregnancy bring feelings of excitement, nervousness and anticipation for your new bundle of joy’s upcoming arrival. Even though mentally you may feel on top of the world, your skin may put a damper on your spirits. “During pregnancy, it’s important to maintain a balanced skin care regimen,” says Rhonda Allison, esthetician and founder of Rhonda Allison Cosmeceuticals in Southlake, Texas. “This may require a few changes until hormones balance out again.” If rashes and breakouts are outshining the healthy, natural glow of pregnancy, change up your skincare routine so that your inner joy shines on the outside.

Investigate the Cause

If a facial rash is causing you discomfort during your pregnancy, investigate the cause carefully to achieve the healthy glow you deserve. “Facial rashes can have a number of causes," says Sylvia Melendez, esthetician and founder of Tierra Mia Organics in California. “It could certainly be what products are being used as the hormones are changing. It can also be an allergic reaction to food intake.” Depending on where the rash is located on the face, the source can easily be found and treated, says Melendez. If changing your skin care regime doesn't have the desired effect, consult your physician.

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Avoid Harsh Chemicals

Often times, pregnant women lean toward alpha hydroxy acids for a quick fix, but Melendez recommends against harsh chemicals because of the negative long-term side effects. “Many products also carry parabens and sulfites, all harmful ingredients that hurt rather than help over time,” she says. Fragranced skincare products, synthetics, acids and peels can also irritate facial rashes and your skin in general during pregnancy, since these abrasives can be too harsh for the gentle care you need.

Use Herbal Cleansers

When treating rashes, skincare will vary by skin type and condition, says Allison. A daily regimen consisting of a glycolic herbal cleanser, a purifying or green tea-based toner to infuse the skin with antioxidants and a non-irritating sunblock will help treat facial rashes and breakouts. “Since the skin is sensitive, an arnica formula will work well to speed healing, reduce inflammation and provide soothing support,” says Allison. “Epidermal growth factors also promote healing and cell regeneration.”

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Hydrate Your Skin

Skin dehydration can lead to rashes, breakouts and overall less-than-stellar skin during pregnancy. Gentle formulas to help hydrate the skin will whisk away those imperfections. Beyond dehydration, pregnant women often struggle with skin challenges, including acne, melasma or pregnancy mask, stretch marks and rosacea, to name a few. Most of the challenges and facial rashes are a result of hormones and increased blood pressure, says Allison. “Look for products that offer hydration and mild exfoliation, encourage cell turnover and support the tissue,” says Allison. “A few key ingredients to look for include peptides, amino acids and epidermal growth factor antioxidants.”

Sure, you've got the pregnancy glow, but during the third trimester, you may also experience less pleasant changes in your skin. For some women, pregnancy is a time when the skin improves and acne subsides. But most women experience at least some itching and redness, as well as potentially long-lasting skin changes, such as stretch marks.

Dietary and lifestyle changes can help, but it's also important to accept that some changes -- those stretch marks, for example -- are evidence of your role as a mom. Deena Blumenfeld, a Lamaze-certified childbirth instructor in Pittsburgh, Penn., declares that "stretch marks are the stripes of a tiger mama. Embrace them and be confident."

Changes in the Skin

"One of the most common changes that I see in the skin is melasma or the mask of pregnancy," says Dr. Debra Jaliman, author of "Skin Rules: Trade Secrets from a Top New York Dermatologist." She explains, "It may start in the second or third trimester. Brown patches appear on the face, and it gives a blotchy uneven appearance to the skin."

Many women experience itching, redness and eczema, as well as skin tags and stretch marks. Less commonly, some women experience oily skin and acne. Others develop varicose veins or spider veins, according to the American Pregnancy Association. Additionally, some women may notice a dark line running from the naval to the pubic bone. This is called linea nigra.

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Causes

"The hormones of pregnancy cause many of the late-third-trimester skin concerns," says Camilla Bicknell, a nurse practitioner from Monument, Colorado, and co-author of "The Pregnancy Power Workbook." Hormonal fluctuations cause eczema, darkening skin, skin tags, oiliness and acne.

Stretch marks are caused by the stress your skin experiences as it stretches to accommodate your growing baby. Varicose veins are often hereditary and occur as a result of the increased blood flow to your baby.

Increased blood flow causes the pink flush you may notice in your face. Your growing baby produces more waste, which your skin, liver and kidney must process. This increase can cause increased sweating and itching.

Prevention

Melasma and strech marks can be hard to avoid if they're in your genes. Advises Bicknell, "The tendency toward stretch marks is generally an inherited condition (if your mom or grandma had them, you probably will). Preventing them completely is nearly impossible, but having a gradual weight gain rather than rapid growth can help lessen these iconic skin changes." Dr. Jaliman recommends a daily application of 30 SPF sunscreen to minimize skin darkening as much as possible.

Other skin-friendly measures include drinking plenty of water every day to flush toxins and waste from your system, putting less stress on the skin, liver and kidneys. To minimize varicose veins, avoid standing for long periods of time or crossing your legs. Wear support hose and put your feet up throughout the day. Eating more fruit or taking a vitamin C supplement can also reduce varicose and spider veins, according to the American Pregnancy Association.

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Treatment

"Generalized itchy skin, dry skin, skin tags and discoloration are best dealt with by using good emollient creams," Bicknell says. "Get through those last few weeks of pregnancy assured that most of the hormone effects will lessen after delivery."

A healthy diet can also reduce itchiness and improve skin's appearance. Dr. Jennifer Walden, a cosmetic plastic surgeon from Austin, Texas, suggests adding more yogurt or kefir to your diet: "Both foods are rich in probiotics, the friendly bacteria linked to better digestion and reducing skin inflammation." She also suggests eating foods rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon, which rebuild skin tissue.

Dr. Jaliman cautions, "If there are itchy red raised bumps on the stomach and arms and legs, it could be something called PUPP. This should not cause alarm and can be treated with both topical prescription medications or oral medication."

If you've been hoping for that beautiful pregnancy glow but ended up with dull and lusterless instead, a lack of moisture is probably the culprit lurking behind your less-than-gleaming facade. The demands on a woman's body during pregnancy, the hormone fluctuations, morning sickness and the stress of no longer being able to see your toes all work together to drain the body of nutrients and moisture and can leave you with dry, flaky and itchy skin instead.

Hydration and Nutrients

Your first line of defense against moisture loss during pregnancy is your diet. "Staying hydrated and eating a balanced diet are essential to being healthy, which includes skin health," says Jaime Schehr, a naturopathic doctor and registered dietitian based in Greenwich, Connecticut. "When we are deficient in any particular nutrient or if we are dehydrated, it is likely that our skin will feel these effects."

The minimum of eight glasses of water each day that you need during pregnancy will also give your body the very basics to keep skin moisturized. "Before lotions or supplements, a diet high in fruits and vegetables and with adequate water is the first step to a healthy pregnancy glow," Schehr says.

Look to your diet to keep your skin in good shape and full of moisture while you're growing your baby bump. In addition to fruits and veggies, omega-3 fatty acids, found in flax seed, walnuts and enriched eggs, contribute to the barrier that keeps moisture in your skin. Foods that are rich in antioxidants, such as berries, broccoli and tomatoes, help to protect skin cells from damage. As you sit down with your morning coffee, remember that caffeine dries out your skin, giving you a good reason to consume it in moderation.

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Pass on the Heat

A steamy hot shower or bath may seem like the perfect way to unwind at the end of a long and stressful day, but all that heat is going to zap the moisture right out of your skin. "Heat can strip the moisture from [the] skin, making skin feel more dry, itchy and uncomfortable," Schehr advises. "Staying hydrated is a key factor in combating the drying effect of heat." To help keep as much moisture in your skin as possible, turn the temperature down a few degrees and stick to no more than one shower or bath a day. If you're feeling a little blue about giving up all that heat, there's another really good reason to stick to lukewarm showers. Hot showers and baths can raise your body temperature, and this increase in body heat is actually dangerous for your unborn baby. So now you can feel good about keeping your little squirmer safe while you're soaking in tepid water and get the benefit of more moisture-rich skin too.

Sunscreen

Sunscreen can be a pregnant gal's best friend because it helps to protect the skin from the dryness that is caused by sun exposure. That sun exposure can also make a pregnancy mask (chloasma) worse, so slather on some extra high SPF on your face. While it's best to avoid the sun altogether whenever possible, that doesn't mean you have to pass on your day at the beach with the family. Plan ahead for long outings in the sun and pick up a sunhat and one of those extra-large umbrellas to keep your skin shaded from drying rays.

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Stave Off Stretch Marks

While keeping your skin moisturized will bring out that pregnancy glow, there's another benefit to investing the extra time in skincare. Soft, supple and well-moisturized skin is also more resistant to stretch marks that will end up marring your skin for a lifetime. With plenty of moisture, your skin is generally healthier, and that gives it a little more stretch before those marks start to show up. Give yourself a good dose of moisturizer right after a bath or shower, when your pores are freshly unclogged and ready to take in as much moisture as possible. Schehr recommends "simple clean olive oil." She says it is "safe, natural and can help lock in moisture."

You knew your body was going to go through significant changes during pregnancy, but you might not have thought too much about the inevitable skin alterations that would accompany the process.

“Remember, the skin is a window to what is going on inside the body,” says Julia Hunter, a dermatologist and founder of Wholistic Dermatology in Beverly Hills, California. You go through hormonal shifts and changes such as adjustments in blood flow, and this often results in outward signs on the skin. You can recognize and manage these issues. Although variations in the skin are normal for pregnant women, it’s good to consult your health care provider when in doubt.

Conditions

Every woman’s experience is different, but common skin conditions often surface during pregnancy. If you develop a fungal, bacterial or viral skin rash, it could result in red, blotchy skin, Hunter says.

You might get the infamous “pregnancy glow” causing your cheeks to redden. This is due to a 50 percent increase in the volume of blood that is circulating, according to the American Pregnancy Association. Another skin oddity of pregnancy is palma erythema. This is redness on the palms and sometimes on the soles of the feet. It’s thought to be caused by an increase in estrogen levels, according to the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, New Hampshire. Since the body is already overheated, some women develop heat rash when skin rubs against clothing or other skin. And those pimples you thought you said goodbye to in junior high school? They just might pay you a visit during pregnancy as well.

About one in 50 women experience PUPP, notes the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. This shows as red, itchy patches on the abdomen, thighs, buttocks and extremities. It can be treated with oral medicines. It comes and goes and typically disappears after delivery.

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Causes

The vast majority of skin problems seen during pregnancy result from challenges to the immune system, Hunter observes, including the extra blood volume of pregnancy. If you had existing internal conditions before you got pregnant, such as fungal overgrowth, significant inflammation, low thyroid or adrenal function, gut inflammation or high blood sugar, your immune system has already been fighting these issues, adds Hunter. When fluids are further diluted, you exhibit symptoms of those internal conditions because the skin tells you what’s going on inside your body.

Along with the extra blood volume, the large uterus compresses, restricts and impedes blood and lymphatic circulation and the flow to organs, tissues and limbs. The removal of toxins and infections is decreased. This is a major reason why you see red, blotchy, itchy skin and other skin disorders more during pregnancy, Hunter says.

Prevention

You can take steps to minimize skin conditions that may result in red, blotchy skin during pregnancy. Eat healthily and exercise, minimize your weight gain and try not to gain weight too quickly. Wear an abdominal sling and thigh-high support hose, Hunter recommends. Get optimally healthy before pregnancy. Keep your thyroid gland youthful and stay regular with bowel movements -- ideally, two to three per day. Eat right for your blood type and include lots of green foods. "Take probiotics to minimize inflammation in the gut. Stay well hydrated with water with fresh lemon in it to help your body stay alkalinized," adds Hunter.

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Relief

When skin eruptions surface -- and even before -- you can apply products that minimize their appearance and discomfort. Take Epsom salt baths to moisten your skin. Rub organic lavender oil mixed emu oil listed as unpasteurized, single origin, high quality and therapeutic strength. Coconut oil would be the second choice, with vitamin C powder and maximal strength antioxidant serum mixed in as well. Hunter says this is one of the best formulas for helping to prevent skin rashes and even stretch marks.

Oil-free cleansers and gentle lotions and oils with vitamin E help to keep the skin clean and lubricated during pregnancy. Apply sun protection and wear a hat when outdoors. Wear loose-fitting cotton clothing, especially in warm conditions.

You find out you're pregnant, and immediately the awareness of what goes in and on your body peaks. You want to do everything you can to protect and nourish the precious life growing inside of you. Since skin products are often chemically formulated, when they are absorbed into the body, their harshness can pose a danger to your baby's development. Your body goes through many hormonal changes during pregnancy, and common skin problems often surface as a result. Take steps to care for your skin in natural, nontoxic ways.

Diet and Exercise

Healthy skin starts on the inside and is reflected on the outside. Fresh foods and plenty of water help to detoxify the body and nourish the skin. Include antioxidants like soy and Vitamin C in your diet, recommends Dr. Neil Sadick, a New York City dermatologist and the author of "The New Natural." Fish and turkey are good food choices for meeting protein requirements. Green tea is a healthy beverage choice.

Some skin problems worsen during pregnancy due to stress, and that stress shows up on your skin. Exercises like yoga help to lessen tension. Make relaxation and breathing techniques part of your daily routine, and you'll be on your way to glowing skin.

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Stretch Marks

Many women develop pinkish streaks on their skin. Even though these typically fade after delivery, there are ways to lessen the impact of stretch marks during pregnancy. Dr. Bernard Gramlich, a compounding pharmacist, natural skin-care activist and founder of GRAM Skincare in San Diego, says, "I recommend using products with natural cocoa butter to help prevent stretch marks." Additionally, vitamin E capsules are great to rub on your belly to prevent stretch marks. Always check labels, warns Dr. Gramlich. Vitamin E products sometimes use a combination of essential oils and alcohol, which can make stretch marks pinker. Since the treatment can be greasy, use it at bedtime.

Aloe vera gel can also have a positive effect on stretch marks. Advises Dr. Sadick, "Stretch marks can be reduced in severity by staying away from hot showers and the application of a moisturizer while the skin is still wet before drying."

Red, Itchy Skin

From the belly down to the soles of the feet, red and itchy skin is often a concern during pregnancy. Dr. Gramlich recommends products that contain chamomile and cucumber. These ingredients help calm and cool the skin and reduce inflammation. They are safe enough to use twice a day, when you wash your face in the morning and evening. You can also look for similar fruit and vegetable ingredients. Avoid products that contain parabens and preservatives, Dr. Gramlich warns. Opt for naturals like essential oils.

Moisturizers are of utmost importance, says Dr. Sadick. Use gentle cleansers that are not harsh on the skin. Urea and lactic acid are effective hydrating components, he advises. Try taking an oatmeal bath to help relieve discomfort, or dip a soft cloth in milk and apply it on the itchy regions of the body.

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Acne

The extra hormones in your body might cause a breakout of acne due to the secretion of oil. Cleanse twice daily with a mild, fragrance-free soap. Pregnant skin is sensitive, so abrasive exfoliates and scrubs should be avoided. Natural, oatmeal-based scrubs, found in health-food stores, offer a better alternative. Use oil-free cosmetics that say “noncomedogenic” or “nonacnegenic” on the label. Keep your hands away from your face so you won't trap the oil in the pores.

Pregnant women who suffer from acne should stay away from any product that has over 2 percent salicylic acid, warns Dr. Gramlich. It can affect the baby in multiple ways. For example, you can often see the symptoms of Reye's syndrome from being exposed to products that use too much salicylic acid. Smaller doses of the ingredient, however, will not harm the baby.

As your body prepares for motherhood, it goes through remarkable changes. From your growing belly to changes in skin appearance and hair texture, nothing remains the same. For most women, pregnancy improves hair's appearance and texture. But these changes are temporary and some women experience negative hair changes. Take some extra time during pregnancy to care for your hair. You'll feel better and your hair will stay healthier.

Positive Changes

Most women notice an improvement in their hair during pregnancy. Hair seems thicker and fuller, and often grows more quickly. Some women notice that their hair seems to darken during pregnancy, although doctors aren't sure why.

"With pregnancy, most often hair gets thicker and healthier looking due to the fact that more hair follicles are in the active growth phase than normal," says Dr. Alan J. Bauman, a restorative hair surgeon from Boca Raton, Florida. "These ratios and skin/hair changes typically return to normal after childbirth, but not always."

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Challenges

Not all hair changes are positive, but most of them are temporary. Your hair will return to its normal state within a few months after pregnancy.

"Changes in hair and scalp are due to elevated hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy," says Bauman. "Some patients get drier hair and scalp, others oily. Sometimes there are changes in hair curl and texture. Skin changes -- dry/irritated, oily/acne-prone -- and hair growth in odd areas are common."

Another more alarming problem typically occurs after the birth of your baby. During pregnancy, elevated levels of estrogen prevented your hair from falling out as it normally does. After childbirth, estrogen levels drop and hair sheds excessively. This process peaks at around three months postpartum and then subsides.

Care

Although you can't control hormonal fluctuations and their accompanying consequences, a few changes in your hair-care routine can help.

"For hair changes, you might need to use different products," says Bauman. "If hair becomes too oily, you need a deep cleanser, lighter conditioner and maybe a dry shampoo in between. If your hair is too dry, switch to a mild, moisturizing shampoo and a deep conditioner or a leave-in."

Avoid pigtails, hair weaves, braids or corn rows, which put stress on hair, and comb it gently, especially when wet. Let hair air dry if possible or set the blow dryer to a low setting.

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Nutrition

Los Angeles-based nutritionist Julie E. recommends dietary changes to improve your hair's condition during pregnancy. She says, "Frizzy hair almost always suggests a nutrient deficiency. The best way to improve hair quality way is with an EPA/DHA and greens formula. There are many products on the market, but be sure the fish oil is mercury free. The label should state that it is mercury free, and it should be from waters not near North America -- or it is likely high in mercury."

Eat more fruits and vegetables, according to the American Pregnancy Association. These foods contain antioxidants that encourage growth and strengthen hair follicles. A prenatal supplement containing vitamin B complex, vitamin C, biotin, vitamin E and zinc can also help, but take the recommended amounts only.